Critical analysis of assumptions regarding radiotoxicity and their impact on partitioning and transmutation (P&T)

High-level radioactive waste remains an unresolved challenge that imposes long-term responsibilities on human societies. Among the various approaches proposed to quantify its hazard, radiotoxicity based on potential ingestion has been widely used as a metric for assessing waste safety and comparing management strategies. This work provides a concise historical overview of how radiotoxicity has been applied in nuclear waste assessment and critically examines the assumptions embedded in its presentation. By making these assumptions explicit, we aim to clarify how radiotoxicity metrics shape perceptions of safety.