StartClim2008.B: Welche Anpassungen der derzeitigen Erosionsschutzmaßnahmen sind unter den Bedingungen des Klimawandels zu empfehlen?
Abstract
The goal of this study was to assess the impact of selected soil protection measures with respect to soil erosion and retention of rainwater in the landscape for a 1.44 km² large, agri-cultural used watershed in the north-east of Austria. The time period 1961-1990 was used as reference. Under current climatic conditions no-till and grassland decrease runoff by 38 and 75%, re-spectively. The simulation results suggest that under future climate scenarios (2040-2060) the effectiveness of the selected soil conservation measures will be similar or slightly de-creased to 16-53%. For the actual situation average net soil losses in the watershed of 2.57 for conventional soil management systems and 01 t.ha-1.a-1 for grassland are calculated. This corresponds to an average yearly loss of about 0.2 mm which is considered to be the average yearly soil forma-tion rate and therefore a tolerable soil loss. The current soil/land use does not exceed this limit. Most of the erosion occurs during spring time. Under future climate scenarios conven-tional tillage will lead to changes in soil erosion by -55 to +22% (for moderate greenhouse gas emissions) and by -17 to +56% (for extreme greenhouse gas emissions), respectively, Under these conditions the tolerable limits will partly be exceeded. The use of no-till reduces yearly soil loss rates to 0.16 and 1.42 t.ha-1. They are in the same range or slightly higher than under actual conditions. The conversion to grassland minimizes sediment yields leaving the watershed (>0,03 t.ha-1.a-1). The selected soil conservation methods maintain their protective effect on soil resources in-dependent from the climate scenario. Therefore with small adaptations they can be recom-mended as sustainable soil/land management systems also under future climatic conditions. However, based on the available climate scenarios climate induced changes in frequency and intensity of heavy rainstorms were considered only in a limited way. As the general fu-ture trend indicates a strong increase of rainstorms with high intensity during summer months the results of this study may be too optimistic.
soil erosion surface runoff climate change heavy rainfall conservation tillage
Publikationen
Impacts of Climate Change on Soil Erosion and the Efficiency of Soil Conservation Practices in Austria
Autoren: Klik A. und Eitzinger J. Jahr: 2010
Conference & Workshop proceedings, paper, abstract
Impacts of Climate Change on Soil Erosion and the Efficiency of Soil Conservation Practices in Austria
Autoren: Andreas Klik and Josef Eitzinger Jahr: 2010
Conference & Workshop proceedings, paper, abstract
Mitarbeiter*Innen
Andreas Klik
Ao.Univ.Prof.i.R. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Andreas Klik
andreas.klik@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-81567
Project Leader
24.06.2008 - 30.06.2009
Josef Eitzinger
Univ.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Josef Eitzinger
josef.eitzinger@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-81422
Project Staff
24.06.2008 - 30.06.2009
Peter Liebhard
Ao.Univ.Prof.i.R. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Peter Liebhard
peter.liebhard@boku.ac.at
Project Staff
24.06.2008 - 30.06.2009