University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU) - Research portal
Gewählte Master / Diploma Thesis:
Henning Schwalm
(2022):
The role of root and rhizosphere traits in phosphorus efficiency of upland rice.
Master / Diploma Thesis - Institut für Bodenforschung (IBF),
BOKU-Universität für Bodenkultur,
pp 64.
UB BOKU
obvsg
- Abstract:
- Phosphorus (P), an essential plant nutrient, is mainly obtained from non-renewable resources which has led to a perturbation of P cycle with subsequent environmental risks like eutrophication. In the future, P scarcity could limit plant production and aggravate food security challenges. High P efficiency (PE) of rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population, could be crucial to reduce P fertilizer demand while maintaining sufficient crop yields, especially in low-input upland rice systems. Root morphological traits that determine soil P foraging are considered as main drivers for high PE in upland rice but recent studies attributed enhanced PE to plant induced modifications of the rhizosphere and to cell wall related-properties that affect internal P remobilization. Hence, this work aims to investigate root and rhizosphere traits potentially responsible for a high PE in rice. Its hypothesized that high PE under low P availability is affected by (i) root morphological traits and/or driven by (ii) different quality and quantity of root exudates and/or by (iii) differences in root cell wall properties. Two pairs of rice genotypes (Pair 1: DJ123 = high PE with Nerica4 = low PE / Pair 2: AB1 = high PE with AB142 = low PE) were grown in a semi-hydroponic system under low P- and high P-level. Plant material for the analysis of biomass, shoot nutrient, root morphology, root pectin content as well as root exudates were collected at two time-points. Results confirmed that soil P foraging due to larger root system size affect high PE in upland rice. However, rhizosphere traits determined by root exudation or cell wall related properties played a minor role in high PE of upland rice. This work demonstrated that assessing rhizosphere traits for high PE is difficult because it involves plant, soil, and microbial interactions but in view of acute demand for more P efficient rice further research on rhizosphere traits is needed.
- Beurteilende*r: Puschenreiter Markus
- 1.Mitwirkender: Oburger Eva
- 2.Mitwirkender: Staudinger Christiana