Optimization of NUtrient REMoval in constructed wetlands using special substrates and numerical simulation

Nowadays, vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSF CWs) with intermittent loading are state-of-the-art in Europe. Vertical SSF CWs have been mainly used for the removal of organic matter, total suspended solids, ammonium, and microbiological contamination. The large surface area requirement (3-10 m2/person) to meet the specified quality objectives makes it sometimes impossible to set up these reed beds in small/medium communities, where land is at a premium. The main objective of the project "Optimization of NUtrient REMoval in constructed wetlands using special substrates and numerical simulation" is to quantify the effect of different natural and artificial substrates on the removal efficiencies of SSF CWs treating municipal wastewater. Secondly, the results of this study are expected to improve the reliability of the simulation tool CW2D and to foster its use as a practical design tool for optimal sizing of SSF CWs. It is expected that the use of special substrates with high nutrient removal capacity decreases the required surface area per population equivalent (m2/PE). A database comprising a catalogue of potential natural and artificial substrates will be developed and shall be the basis for a design tool for SSF CWs that is based on the existing simulation tool CW2D.