Evaluierung ökologischer und ökonomischer Nachhaltigkeit von Züchtungsstrategien in pastoralen Systemen: Fallstudie Ankole Rinder in Uganda
Abstract
The term Ankole denominates a group of closely related indigenous cattle ecotypes, inhabitating the western part of the Lake Victoria region of East Africa. In the formerly extensively and traditionally grazed and managed rangelands of South Western Uganda western Rwanda and North western Tanzania, a production system is emerging where cattle breeders keep two separate herds, a purebred Ankole herd and a herd of Ankole crossbred (in most cases) with Holstein Friesian. The purebred Ankole herd helps reducing the vulnerability to shocks, during periods of serious drought and times with high disease pressure as well as meeting such traditional non-market functions as dowry payments. They are a source of income from live animal sales, while the Friesians (and crosses) are a source of milk, where production systems can support such genotypes. Crosses provide much more marketable milk under good climatic conditions and low disease pressure. The stability and sustainability of such a sophisticated system depends on a large number of factors such as herd size, herd management, incidences and severity of droughts, social pressure of the community. Interactions between the pastoral systems and other more intensive crop-livestock systems, where crossbreds would be used for milk production are also important. More reliable information on the possible options and appropriate supportive institutional frameworks are therefore needed to design and support a sustainable production. The project consists of two main components. The first is a comprehensive comparison of production systems with purebred Ankole vs. crossbred Ankole-Friesian animals on farm, involving 15 Ankole herds, 15 crossbred herds, 10 Friesian herds. The life cycle efficiency of the three types of herds are compared using a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal approach, with extensive data recording over a period of two years. Data recorded include the socioeconomic status of the owner, production and health of the animals and status of the pasture land. The second component deals with modelling of the production system, constraints and decision criteria by use of high-level systems modelling software. Factors considered are environmental (e.g., climate, productivity of land), breed-type related (productivity and health status under various conditions), management (e.g., stocking rate, parasite control), and socio-economic (e.g., markets and land pressure). The comparison is repeated, on a smaller scale, in an area where the breed used for crossbreeding is Boran, a beef breed. Additional components of the project deal with the institutional arrangements of setting up a breeding programme, and the attitude of Ankole breeders, extension staff and policy makers towards sedentarisation.
Systemmodellierung Ankole Rinder Uganda Nachhaltigkeit DEV-FORUM Partner Project
Publikationen
Crossbreeding cattle for milk production in the tropics: Achievements, challenges and opportunities
Autoren: Galukande, E; Mulindwa, H; Wurzinger, M; Roschinsky, R Mwai, O; A; Sölkner, J Jahr: 2013
Originalbeitrag in Fachzeitschrift
Mitarbeiter*innen
Johann Sölkner
Univ.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Johann Sölkner
johann.soelkner@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-93201, 93231
BOKU Projektleiter*in
01.02.2007 - 31.01.2010
Maria Wurzinger
Priv.-Doz. Dr. Maria Wurzinger
maria.wurzinger@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-93001, 93220, 93414
Projektmitarbeiter*in
01.02.2007 - 31.01.2010
BOKU Partner
Externe Partner
International Livestock Research Institute
Okeyo Mwai
Koordinator
National Animal Genetic Resources Centre & Databank
Dan Semambo
Partner
National Agricultural Research Organisation
James Oluka
Partner
Makerere University
Denis Mpwaire
Partner