Agricultural Resources for Biogas Production
Abstract
Agriculture as a producer of renewable energy can substantially contribute to a sustainable energy production and subsequently to a considerably CO2 reduction. To meet the future demands of a sustainable energy form without the competition to fodder and food production and environmental conservation efforts, the entire process, from cultivation to fermentation, of biogas production from agrarian raw materials need to be optimised. In this project crop production systems and plant breeding aspects of energy crop production and aspects of the fermentation from energy crop based mixtures are discussed. The experiment was conducted on several sites in Austria, where a number of varieties and types of the energy crops – maize, sorghum, sunflower, sugar beet, rye, wheat, triticale and barley – were grown and examined in respect of biomass and methane yields. For two grassland sites the optimum utilisation intensity and degree of wilting was tested. Additionally, concepts for site-adapted and ecological balanced crop rotation systems and fertilization ratios have been compiled for three Austrian regions. In a laboratory experiment as well as on a real biogas plant the most important process parameters of the fermentation process within the use of energy crops in combination with co-substrates of the bio-fuel, fodder- and food processing industries have been analysed. Results from site experiments show that the choice of variety or the variety-type of an energy crop and the climatic conditions of a location had a great effect on dry matter as well as on methane yields. The highest specific methane yields and subsequently methane yields per hectare have been obtained from maize, sorghum and sugar beet, whereas sunflower and cereals have demonstrated their potential as a pre- or intermediate crop. For grasslands the biomass yield and specific methane yield were affected by the utilisation intensity, degree of wilting and herbaceous composition of the cuttings, respectively. The investigation of site-adapted crop rotation systems with a balanced fertilization gave yearly methane yields per hectare of 1.300 to 1.750 in organic and 1.680 to 3.870 m3N CH4 ha-1 in conventional agricultural systems. Generally, higher yields have been achieved on farms without animal husbandry. For the examined raw material mixtures the optimum volume load and specific methane yield was determined in laboratory experiments. A better process stability and a higher biogas yield were due to the addition of co-substrates or enzymes. At the biogas plant in Bruck/Leitha an organic and a conventional mixture was monitored. Significant differences have been observed in volume load, hydraulic retention time, degree of degradation, average biogas and methane yield, as well as in the NH4-N content in the fermentation residues. This project has demonstrated the potentials to optimise the cultivation and fermentation of energy crops for biogas production. Data obtained from the research will serve as basis for further projects, where the methane-energy-value-model (MEVM) is improved and an ecological and economic evaluation of the biogas production process from agrarian raw materials is conducted.
biogas production energy crops sustainable crop rotations Methane Energy Value Model (MEVM) fertiliser strategies enzymes loading rate
Publikationen
Halber Gasbedarf wächst auf den Feldern
Autoren: Amon T. Jahr: 2006
Populärwissenschaftlicher Beitrag
Boku-Biogas Branche bündelt Kompetenzen
Autoren: Amon T. Jahr: 2006
Populärwissenschaftlicher Beitrag
Biogas Forum Austria-Network of research, extension service, and commercial farms.
Autoren: Amon, T., Amon B., Kryvoruchko V., Hopfner-Sixt K., Moser, A., Zollitsch, W. Jahr: 2006
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Monitoring of energy crop digestion in Austria.
Autoren: Hopfner-Sixt, K., Amon, T., Milovanovic, D., Amon, B. Jahr: 2006
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Biogaserzeugung ausagrarischen Rohstoffen
Autoren: Hopfner-Sixt, K; Amon, T; Bodiroza, V; Kryvoruchko, V; Milovanovic, D; Zollitsch, W; Boxberger, J Jahr: 2006
Originalbeitrag in Fachzeitschrift
Biogas production from agricultural resources: characteristic values for material and energetic evaluation
Autoren: Hopfner-Sixt, K; Amon, T; Bodiroza, V; Kryvoruchko, V; Milovanovic, D; Zollitsch, W; Boxberger, J Jahr: 2006
Originalbeitrag in Fachzeitschrift
Energiepflanzen: Erntezeitpunkt bestimmt Gasausbeute
Autoren: Amon T., Hopfner-Sixt K., Kryvoruchko V., Amon B., Bodiroza V., Ramusch M., Hrbek R, Friedel J., Zollitsch W., Mayr K. Jahr: 2006
Originalbeitrag in Sammelwerk
Das Methanbildungsvermögen und die Biogasqualität bei der Vergärung von Energiepflanzen
Autoren: Amon, T., Kryvoruchko, V., Bodiroza, V., Amon, B. Jahr: 2006
Populärwissenschaftlicher Beitrag
European Biogas Initiative to improve the yield of agricultural biogas plants (EU-Agro Biogas).
Autoren: Amon, T., Amon, B., Machmüller, A., Hopfner-Sixt K., Kryvoruchko V., Bodiroza, V. Jahr: 2006
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Research for climate protection-technological options for mitigation (Reclip:tom).
Autoren: Amon, B., Fröhlich, M., Ramusch, M., Winiwarter W. Jahr: 2006
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
NH3 and GHG emissions from a straw flow system for fattening pigs: housing, and manure storage.
Autoren: Amon, B., Kryvoruchko, V., Fröhlich, M., Amon, T., Pöllinger, A., Mösenbacher, I., Hausleitner, A. Jahr: 2006
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Monitoring landwirtschaftlicher Biogasanlagen in Österreich – Durchmischungstechnik und Kennwerte wesentlicher Prozessparameter
Autoren: Hopfner-Sixt, K., Amon, T. Jahr: 2006
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Leistungsvergleich verschiedener Biogasanlagensysteme
Autoren: Hopfner-Sixt, K. Jahr: 2006
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Strategien zur nachhaltigen Erzeugung, Bereitstellung und Nutzung agrarischer Biomasse für die Biogaserzeugung
Autoren: Amon, T. Jahr: 2006
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Potential of biogas production in sustainable biorefinery concepts
Autoren: Bauer, A., Hrbek, R., Amon, B., Kryvoruchko, V., Bodiroza, V., Wagentristl, H., Zollitsch, W., Liebmann, B., Pfeffer, M., Friedl, A., Amon, T. Jahr: 2007
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Aktuelle Züchtungsergebnisse bei Biogas-Fruchtfolgen
Autoren: Leonhartsberger, C. Jahr: 2007
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Integrierte Systeme Sieben Fragen und Antworten zur Nutzung von Bioenergie
Autoren: Amon,T; Bauer,A; Leonhartsberger,Ch Jahr: 2008
Originalbeitrag in Fachzeitschrift
Sustainable biogas production through the integration of high-yielding and site-adapted energy crops into crop rotation systems
Autoren: Leonhartsberger, Ch., Bauer, A., Lyson, D., Kryvoruchko, V., Bodiroza, V., Milovanovic, D., Friedel, J.K., Rinnhofer, T., Amon, T. Jahr: 2008
PUBLIZIERTER Beitrag für wissenschaftliche Veranstaltung
Mitarbeiter*innen
Barbara Amon
Priv.-Doz. Dr. Barbara Amon
barbara.amon@boku.ac.at
Project Staff
01.06.2006 - 31.03.2008
Alexander Bauer
Assoc. Prof. Priv.-Doz. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Alexander Bauer
alexander.bauer@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-93101, 93150
Project Staff
01.06.2006 - 31.03.2008
Christian Leonhartsberger
Mag.rer.nat. Christian Leonhartsberger
Project Staff
01.06.2006 - 31.03.2008
Peter Liebhard
Ao.Univ.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Peter Liebhard
peter.liebhard@boku.ac.at
Project Staff
01.06.2006 - 31.03.2008
Karl Moder
Ao.Univ.Prof.i.R. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Karl Moder
karl.moder@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-85100
Project Staff
01.06.2006 - 31.03.2008
Helmut Wagentristl
Ass.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Helmut Wagentristl
helmut.wagentristl@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 2249 2302-14; +43 1 47654-95501
Project Staff
01.06.2006 - 31.03.2008
Roswitha Weißensteiner
Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Roswitha Weißensteiner
roswitha.weissensteiner@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-93232
Project Staff
01.06.2006 - 31.03.2008
Jürgen Kurt Friedel
Ao.Univ.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Jürgen Kurt Friedel
juergen.friedel@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-93317
Sub Projectleader
01.06.2006 - 31.03.2008
Hans-Peter Kaul
Univ.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Hans-Peter Kaul
hans-peter.kaul@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-95111
Sub Projectleader
01.06.2006 - 31.03.2008
BOKU Partner
Externe Partner
Landwirtschaftliche Fachschule Tulln
DI Elisabeth Zwatz
partner
Federal Environment Agency
DI Werner Pölz
partner
Landeskammer für Land- und Forstwirtschaft in Steiermark
DI Dr.nat.techn. Karl Mayer
partner
Die Rübenbauern Vertretungs- und Übernahme Ges.m.b.H
keiner
partner
HOLMER Maschinenbau GmbH
keiner
partner
Chamber for Agriculter, Lower Austria
keiner
partner
AGRANA Beteiligungs-AG
keiner
partner
Saatbau Linz, OÖ Landes-Saatbaugenossenschaft reg. GenmbH
keiner
partner
Biogasanlage Bruck/Leitha GmbH & Co KG
DI Gerhard Danzinger
partner
AgroMais Saatzucht GmbH
keiner
coordinator
RWA Raiffeisen Ware Austria AG
keiner
partner
Jenbacher Energy Systems
keiner
partner
Pioneer Seeds Ltd.
keiner
partner
KWS Saat AG
keiner
partner
OMV AG
DI Kurt Pollak
partner
EVN AG
keiner
partner
Wien Energie Gasnetz GmbH
keiner
partner
HBLFA Raumberg-Gumpenstein
Univ.Doz. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Erich M. Pötsch Univ.Doz. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Karl Buchgraber
partner