Protein and Amino Acid Content of Organically Grown Winter Wheat and Triticale
Abstract
There is considerable uncertainty about the expected protein and amino acid contents of grain that has been produced on organic farms. The relevance of informations based on the chemical anlysis of conventionally produced grains for diet formulation for organic pigs is frequently disputed. Therefore a study was carried out in which protein and amino acid contents were analyzed for 10 different varieties of organically produced wheat and triticale. The varieties Capo, Ludwig, Silvius, Pegassos, Belmondo and Dekan (wheat) as well as Almo, Binova, Presto and Trimaran (triticale) were included into this study. Dry matter and crude protein contents were analyzed from all these varieties, amino acid analysis was performed only for varieties where a sufficient number of samples was obtained. The crude protein contents of organic wheat and triticale were 117 and 101 g/kg DM, respectively, which is only 85 % and 70 % of the values usually suggested for winter wheat and triticale, respectively. The same trend was reflected by the amino acid contents which varied between 63 and 90 % (wheat) and between 53 and 82 % (triticale) of the expected values for conventionally produced grains of the same species. The percentages of amino acids in the grain proteins were also different from the values given in commonly used tables: both wheat and triticale showed markedly lower contents of lysine and especially of tryptophan. Contrary to this, protein from organic grains contained more cysteine than was expected. The contents of crude protein and of sulfur containing amino acids (on a dry matter basis) as well as the lysine percentage (on a crude protein basis) were significantly different for the wheat-varieties Capo, Silvius and Dekan. The contents of several nutrients were also significantly affected by varying amounts of nitrogen fertilizers applied to organic wheat and by the fact that legume plants were incorporated into crop rotation prior to wheat. Similar effects were found for organically grown triticale. However, the varieties Almo, Binova, Presto and Trimaran were found to be different in their nutrient contents only if the amount of fertilizers was included into the statistical model as a variable. Because of these interactions, it is not feasible to generally recommend a specific variety of wheat or triticale for feed production on organic farms. When formulating diets for organic pigs, the fact has to be considered that the protein and lysine contents of organic wheat and triticale are probably lower by 20 to 30 % as compared to values suggested in feed tables.
organic farming wheat triticale protein amino acids
Publikationen
Protein and amino acid content of organically grown wheat and triticale in comparison with values from feed tables
Autoren: Wlcek, S., Zollitsch, W. Jahr: 2002
Conference & Workshop proceedings, paper, abstract
Rohprotein- und Aminosäurengehalte von Winterweizen und Triticale aus biologischen Anbau
Autoren: Wlcek, S., Zollitsch, W. Jahr: 2002
Forschungsbericht (extern. Auftraggeber)
Rohprotein- und Aminosäurengehalte von Weizen, Triticale und Gerste aus Ökologischem Anbau in Österreich im Vergleich zu Futtertwert-Tabellen
Autoren: Wlcek, S., Zollitsch, W. Jahr: 2003
Conference & Workshop proceedings, paper, abstract
Project staff
Werner Zollitsch
Univ.Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.nat.techn. Werner Zollitsch
werner.zollitsch@boku.ac.at
Tel: +43 1 47654-93211, 99101, 99111
Project Leader
01.06.2000 - 31.10.2001
BOKU partners
External partners
ERNTE - für das Leben Niederösterreich
Engelbert Sperl
partner
ERNTE - für das Leben Kärnten
Alexander Kaiser
partner
ERNTE - für das Leben Steiermark
Josef Renner
partner