University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU) - Research portal
Predicting reversibility of soil acidification in beech (Fagus sylvatica) stands
- Project Leader
- Berger Torsten Winfried, BOKU Project Leader
- Duration:
- 15.07.2011-14.07.2016
- Type of Research
- Applied Research
- Project partners
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Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, 2801 Sharon Turnpike; P.O. Box AB , NY 12545 Millbrook, United States (USA).
Contact person: Gene E. Likens;
Function of the Project Partner: Partner -
Syracuse University, 151 Link Hall, NY 13244 Syracuse, United States (USA).
Contact person: Charles T. Driscoll;
Function of the Project Partner: Partner -
USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 271 Mast Road, NH 03824 Durham, United States (USA).
Contact person: Lindsey Rustad;
Function of the Project Partner: Partner
- Staff
- Prohaska Thomas, Project Staff
- Dolschak Klaus, Project Staff
- Hanousek Ondrej, Project Staff (bis 31.10.2017)
- BOKU Research Units
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry (DCH/AC)
- Institute of Forest Ecology
- Funded by
- Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF) , Sensengasse 1, 1090 Wien, Austria
- Abstract
- Comparison between chemical parameters of soil from the infiltration zone of stemflow near the base of the stem and from the between trees areas in 152 old beech stands by Lindebner (1990) in the Vienna Woods (sample collection in 1984/85) proved a significant impact of deposition of atmospheric pollutants: soil acidification, increased sulfur (S) contents and loss of the base cations calcium and magnesium. Meanwhile, SO2 emissions, the most important precursor of Acid Rain, declined sharply since the 1980s. However, revisiting the Acid Rain topic is worthy, since in many regions mass balance estimates of S are negative due to release of previously stored S, delaying the recovery of pH of soils and surface waters, depending on soil properties. Preliminary results after re-sampling of 19 of these 152 sites showed a clear trend of top soil pH increase, with higher trends of recovery for the stem area than for the between trees area. Changes of soil chemistry with increasing distance from the stem in the Flysch Vienna Woods were measured by Sonderegger (1982) and Kazda (1983) in the 1980s and are well documented.
The working hypotheses are: a) soils recovered from acid deposition due to a strong decline of SO2 emissions since the 1980s; b) reversibility of soil acidification is a function of acid loads, received in the past, and time; c) supply of historically lost base cations helps to define and to evaluate recovery over time; d) the net S-balance is crucial for predicting recovery and is related to S input and soil parameters.
According to the four stated hypotheses the methodological part will focus on these four lines as well: i) a very straight forward approach by comparing historic soil chemical parameters of the 1980s with a recent survey of the same, approximately 90 beech stands within the Vienna Woods. ii) Using the spatial heterogeneity of soil columns at five distances between 27 and 300 cm (at 3 soil depths) downhill of individual beech stems at the same 3 nutrient-rich sites on Flysch (Sonderegger, 1982; Kazda, 1983) and at 3 nutrient-poor sites on Molasse enables the study of reversibility of soil acidification as a function of historic acid loads (stem area received much higher deposition loads in the past than the between trees area) and time (a “false chronosequence” is expected, since increasing soil solution fluxes due to additional stemflow with decreasing distance from the stem cause a quicker steady state of soil sulfate pools in response to decreasing inputs). These predictions will be compared with dynamic acidification modelling using PnET-BGC with special emphasis on the fact, how iii) resupply of lost base cations (experimental additions in the mid 1990s, Ca-pump of beech, weathering) effects recovery parameters over time. iv) Since solute sulfate fluxes through these columns and the corresponding net S balances are crucial for predicting soil recovery, various S sources will be evaluated, including the use of stable S isotopes.
- Keywords
- analytical chemistry; ecological system research; forest ecology; soil science;
- sulfur biogeochemistry; soil recovery; Fagus sylvatica; nutrient fluxes; acid rain; stable isotopes;
- Publications
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* Dolschak, K; Berger, TW; (2020): Modeling the biogeochemistry of sulfur in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands of the Vienna Woods.
Model Earth Syst Environ, 6, 1557-1572; ISSN 2363-6203
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* Dolschak, K; Gartner, K; Berger, TW; (2019): The impact of rising temperatures on water balance and phenology of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands.
Model Earth Syst Environ. 2019; 5(4):1347-1363
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** Turtscher, S; Grabner, M; Berger, TW Reconstructing Soil Recovery from Acid Rain in Beech (Fagus sylvatica) Stands of the Vienna Woods as Indicated by Removal of Stemflow and Dendrochemistry.
WATER AIR SOIL POLL. 2019; 230(2), 30 WoS PubMed FullText FullText_BOKU -
Türtscher, S; Berger, TW (2019): Saurer Regen: Erholung der Waldböden (Dissertation: Erholung der Waldböden vom Sauren Regen in Buchenbeständen des Wienerwaldes).
ÖBF Forschungsbericht 2018, Österreichische Bundesforste AG, Purkersdorf, Seite 22 FullText -
* Hanousek, O; Prohaska, T; Kulhanek, M; Balik, J; Tejnecky, V; Berger, TW; (2017): Fractionation of sulfur (S) in beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest soils in relation to distance from the stem base as useful tool for modeling S biogeochemistry..
Model Earth Syst Environ. 2017; 3(3):1065-1079
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Türtscher, S, Berger, P, Lindebner, L, Berger, TW (2017): Rückgang der Schwermetallgehalte (Teil 1).
Forstzeitung, 09, 30-31 -
Türtscher, S; Berger, P; Lindebner, L; Berger, TW (2017): Rückgang der Schwermetallgehalte (Teil 2).
Forstzeitung, 10, 28-30 -
** Türtscher, S; Berger, P; Lindebner, L; Berger, TW; Declining atmospheric deposition of heavy metals over the last three decades is reflected in soil and foliage of 97 beech (Fagus sylvatica) stands in the Vienna Woods..
Environ Pollut. 2017; 230:561-573
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* Berger, TW; Muras, A; (2016): Predicting recovery from acid rain using the micro-spatial heterogeneity of soil columns downhill the infiltration zone of beech stemflow: introduction of a hypothesis..
Model Earth Syst Environ. 2016; 2:154
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Berger, TW; Türtscher, S; Berger, P; Lindebner, L (2016): Was blieb vom Sauren Regen? (Teil 1).
Forstzeitung, 127 (10/16), 28-29 -
Berger, TW; Türtscher, S; Berger, P; Lindebner, L (2016): Was blieb vom Sauren Regen? (Teil 2).
Forstzeitung, 127 (11/16), 36-37 -
** Berger, TW; Türtscher, S; Berger, P; Lindebner, L; A slight recovery of soils from Acid Rain over the last three decades is not reflected in the macro nutrition of beech (Fagus sylvatica) at 97 forest stands of the Vienna Woods..
Environ Pollut. 2016; 216:624-635
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** Hanousek, O; Berger, TW; Prohaska, T; MC ICP-MS δ (34)SVCDT measurement of dissolved sulfate in environmental aqueous samples after matrix separation by means of an anion exchange membrane..
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2016; 408(2):399-407
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** Hanousek, O; Brunner, M; Profrock, D; Irrgeher, J; Prohaska, T The performance of single and multi-collector ICP-MS instruments for fast and reliable S-34/S-32 isotope ratio measurements.
ANAL METHODS-UK. 2016; 8(42): 7661-7672. WoS PubMed FullText FullText_BOKU -
** Hanousek, O; Mason, S; Santner, J; Chowdhury, MM; Berger, TW; Prohaska, T; Novel diffusive gradients in thin films technique to assess labile sulfate in soil..
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2016; 408(24):6759-6767
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** Hanousek, O; Santner, J; Mason, S; Berger, TW; Wenzel, WW; Prohaska, T; Diffusive gradients in thin films measurement of sulfur stable isotope variations in labile soil sulfate..
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2016; 408(29):8333-8341
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Berger, TW (2016): Predicting reversibility of soil acidification in beech (Fagus sylvatica) stands. Final report, Austrian Science Fund (FWF), project no. P23861-B16.
FWF, 25 -
* Dolschak, K; Gartner, K; Berger, TW; (2015): A new approach to predict soil temperature under vegetated surfaces..
Model Earth Syst Environ. 2015; 1(4):32
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Berger, T.W., Muras, A. (2015): Predicting recovery from Acid Rain using the micro-spatial heterogeneity of soil columns downhill the infiltration zone of beech stemflow.
In: Walter Seidling (Ed.), Book of abstracts: Long-term trends and effects of air pollution on forest ecosystems, their services, and sustainability, ISBN 978-961-6425-87-2, 13
[4th ICP Forests Scientific Conference 2015, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 19.05.2015 - 20.05.2015] -
Dolschak, K., Berger, T.W. (2015): Modeling sulfur biogeochemistry of beech (Fagus sylvatica) stands at the Vienna Woods.
In: Waler Seidling (Ed.), Book of abstracts: Long-term trends and effects of air pollution on forest ecosystems, their services, and sustainability, ISBN 978-961-6425-87-2, 18
[4th ICP Forests Scientific Conference 2015, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 19.05.2015 - 20.05.2015] -
Hanousek, O; Santner, J; Berger, T W; Prohaska, T (2015): Reliable analysis of sulfur stable isotopes in environmental samples using MC ICP-MS.
In: European Virtual Institute for Speciation Analysis (EVISA) (Hrsg.), Book of Abstracts
[European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry 2015, Münster, Germany, 22.02.2015 - 26.02.2015] -
Hanousek, O; Santner, J; Berger, TW; Mason, S; Prohaska, T (2015): Measurement of sulfur stable isotope variations in bioavailable sulfate in soils by DGT MC ICP-MS.
In: AZTI, Marine and Food Research, Meritxel González Intxausti (Ed.), DGT Conference 2015 "From DGT Research to Environmental Assessment"
[DGT Conference 2015 - From DGT Research to Environmental Assessment, San Sebastian, Spain, 28.09.2015 - 01.10.2015] -
Hanousek, O; Santner, J; Berger, TW; Mason, S; Wenzel, WW; Prohaska, T (2015): Measurement of d(34S/32S)vcdt in bioavailable soil sulfate by DGT MC ICP-MS.
In: Wyhlidal, S., Watzinger, A., Hood-Nowotny, R., Prohaska, T. (eds.), 14th Austrian Stable Isotope Network Meeting, Austrian Institute of Technology, Tulln/Donau
[14th Stable Isotope Network Austria SINA Meeting 2015, Tulln an der Donau, Austria, 26.11.2015 - 27.11.2015] -
Hanousek, O; Santner, J; Berger, TW; Prohaska, T (2015): Measurement of sulfur stable isotope ratios in dissolved sulfate by DGT MC ICP-MS.
In: CCB Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, Abstract Booklet
[11th ASAC-JunganalytikerInnenforum 2015, Innsbruck, Austria, 12.06.2015 - 13.06.2015] -
Hanousek, O; Santner, J; Berger, TW; Prohaska, T (2015): Spolehlivá analýza stabilních izotopů síry v environmentálních vzorcích pomocí MC ICP-MS.
In: Vitezslav Otruba (Ed.), Sbornik: 8. kurz ICP-MS/OES 2015, Spektroskopicka spolecnost Jana Marka Marci, ISBN 978-80-905704-3-6
[8. kurz ICP-MS/OES 2015, Brno, Czech Republic, 25.05.2015 - 28.05.2015] -
Hanousek, O;, Santner, J; Mason, S; Wenzel, W; Prohaska, T (2015): Analysis of sulfate δ34S in soil by DGT MC ICP-MS.
In: University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Research Group Analytical Ecogeochemistry Konrad Lorenz Straße 24 3430 Tulln, Austria, 3rd DocDay- Book of Abstracts
[3rd Docday 2015, Tulln an der Donau, Austria, 13.10.2015] -
Türtscher, S.; Berger, T.W. (2015): The change of forest soil conditions in beech stands (Fagus sylvatica) of the Vienna Woods within the last three decades due to declining deposition of atmospheric pollutants.
In: Walter Seidling (ed.), Book of abstracts: Long-term trends and effects of air pollution on forest ecosystems, their services, and sustainability, ISBN 978-961-6425-87-2, 45
[4th ICP Forests Scientific Conference 2015, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 19.05.2015 - 20.05.2015] -
** Berger, TW; Berger, P Does mixing of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and spruce (Picea abies) litter hasten decomposition?.
PLANT SOIL. 2014; 377(1-2): 217-234. WoS PubMed
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Berger, T.W.; Berger, P. (2014): Higher accumulation of litter in spruce (Picea abies) compared to beech (Fagus sylvatica) stands is not a consequence of the inherent recalcitrance of needles. [Poster]
In: Holzheu S., Thies, B. (eds), Book of Abstracts, Bayreuther Forum Ökologie, ISSN 0944-4122, p. 67
[8th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behavior BIOGEOMON 2014, Bayreuth, Germany, 13.07.2014 - 17.07.2014] -
Hanousek, O; Berger, T.; Prohaska, T. (2014): Study of stable isotopes of sulfur in forest soils using MC ICP-MS – analytical challenges and solutions.
In: Instut für Erdwissenschaften, Karl‐Franzens‐Universität Graz, Berichte des Institutes für Erdwissenschaften, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Band 20/1, Beitragskurzfassungen
[PANGEO Austria 2014, Graz, Austria, 14.09.2014 - 19.09.2014] -
Hanousek, O., Berger, T.W., Prohaska, T. (2014): Biogeochemistry of sulfur in the Vienna Woods: Study of sulfur stable isotope ratios by MC-ICP-MS as indicator of biogeochemical S cycling. [Poster]
In: European Geosciences Union, Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 16, EGU2014-4828
[European Geosciences Union EGU General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27.04.2014 - 02.05.2014] -
Hanousek, O. Berger, T.W. Prohaska, T. (2014): Biogeochemistry of sulfur in the Vienna Woods: Study of sulfur stable isotope ratios by MC-ICP-MS. [Poster]
[10. ASAC JunganalytikerInnen Forum 2014, Tulln an der Donau, Austria, 13.06.2014 - 14.06.2014] -
Prohaska, T., Irrgeher, J., Horsky, M., Hanousek, O., Zitek, A. (2014): Non-traditional isotopes in analytical ecogeochemistry assessed by MC-ICP-MS. [Poster]
In: European Geosciences Union, Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 16, EGU2014-2344
[European Geosciences Union EGU General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27.04.2014 - 02.05.2014] -
Hanousek, O., Berger T. W., Prohaska T. (2013): Investigation of sulphur mass balances in ecosystems by sulfur isotope ratio measurements using MC-ICP-MS . [Poster]
[DocDay Tulln 2013 , Tulln an der Donau, Austria, 10.10.2013] -
Hanousek, O; Berger, TW; Prohaska, T (2013): Stable isotopes of sulfur to study Austrian forest ecosystems.
[9. ASAC JunganalytikerInnen Forum 2013, Vienna, Austria, 21.06.2013 - 22.06.2013] -
Berger, T.W. (2012): Predicting reversibility of soil acidification in beech (Fagus sylvatica) stands – introduction of a research project.
In: Fernandez, I.J., Norton, S.A., Wilson T.A. (Eds.), BIOGEOMON 2012, 7th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behavior, Conference Program and Book of Abstracts; ISBN: 978-0-87723-108-0
[7th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behavior BIOGEOMON 2012, Northport, ME, USA, 15.07.2012 - 20.07.2012]
- Vorträge
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Berger, T.W (2020): Forest soil recovery from Acid Rain in beech stands of the Vienna Woods.
Chemistry Seminars, College of Science, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, FEB 28, 2020, Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND FullText -
Berger, T.W. (2019): Was blieb vom Sauren Regen.
KIÖS Exkursion der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW), MAI 3, 2019, Stift Heiligenkreuz -
Berger, T.W (2016): Recovery from soil acidification: Revisiting calcium- and aluminum chloride treated sugar maple stands at the NuPert study.
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, 53th Annual Cooperator’s Meeting, 13-14 July 2016, Woodstock, New Hampshire, USA -
Berger, T.W. (2014): Sind Waldböden nachtragend? Erholung der Waldböden von den Auswirkungen des Sauren Regens..
Der Waldboden - Produktionskapital der Waldwirtschaft, SEP 26, 2014, Forstliche Ausbildungsstätte Pichl -
HANOUSEK, O. PROHASKA, T. BERGER, T.W. (2014): Analytical Challenges in Determination of Sulfur Stable Isotopes by MC-ICP-MS.
Pumpaya 2014, 15.5.2014, Mosonmagyarovar -
Berger, T.W. (2013): Soil recovery from acid rain in Austria and at Hubbard Brook.
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, 50th Annual Cooperator’s Meeting, JUL 10-11, 2013, Woodstock, New Hampshire, USA -
Berger, T.W. (2012): Revisiting calcium- and aluminum chloride treated sugar maple stands at Hubbard Brook: How does resupply of previously lost base cations pave the way for recovery of soil acidification? .
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, 49th Annual Cooperator’s Meeting, JUL 11-12, 2012, Woodstock, New Hampshire -
Hanousek, O. (2012): Predicting reversibility of soil acidification in beech stands – sulfur isotope ratios measurement .
Pumpaya Meeting 2012 , Sept. 13 - 14, Podersdorf am See