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Garner-Spitzer, E; Wagner, A; Kundi, M; Stockinger, H; Ohradanova-Repic, A; Gebetsberger, L; Schoetta, AM; Gudipati, V; Huppa, JB; Kunert, R; Mayrhofer, P; Kreil, TR; Farcet, MR; Hoeltl, E; Wiedermann, U.
(2022): SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody (Ab) Levels and the Kinetic of Ab Decline Determine Ab Persistence Over 1 Year
FRONT MED-LAUSANNE. 2022; 9, 822316 FullText FullText_BOKU

Abstract:: In a SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study conducted with 1,655 working adults in spring of 2020, 12 of the subjects presented with positive neutralization test (NT) titers (>1:10). They were here followed up for 1 year to assess their Ab persistence. We report that 7/12 individuals (58%) had NT_50 titers >= 1:50 and S1-specific IgG >= 50 BAU/ml 1 year after mild COVID-19 infection. S1-specific IgG were retained until a year when these levels were at least >60 BAU/ml at 3 months post-infection. For both the initial fast and subsequent slow decline phase of Abs, we observed a significant correlation between NT_50 titers and S1-specific IgG and thus propose S1-IgG of 60 BAU/ml 3 months post-infection as a potential threshold to predict neutralizing Ab persistence for 1 year. NT_50 titers and S1-specific IgG also correlated with circulating S1-specific memory B-cells. SARS-CoV-2-specific Ab levels after primary mRNA vaccination in healthy controls were higher (Geometric Mean Concentration [GMC] 3158 BAU/ml [CI 2592 to 3848]) than after mild COVID-19 infection (GMC 82 BAU/ml [CI 48 to 139]), but showed a stronger fold-decline within 5-6 months (0.20-fold, to GMC 619 BAU/ml [CI 479 to 801] vs. 0.56-fold, to GMC 46 BAU/ml [CI 26 to 82]). Of particular interest, the decline of both infection- and vaccine-induced Abs correlated with body mass index. Our data contribute to describe decline and persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific Abs after infection and vaccination, yet the relevance of the maintained Ab levels for protection against infection and/or disease depends on the so far undefined correlate of protection.
Authors BOKU Wien:: Kunert Renate
Find related publications in this database (Keywords): SARS-CoV-2; infection; neutralizing Abs; antibody kinetics; vaccination; persistence